CBC system

Hemoglobin

Hb

The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.

What is it

Hemoglobin — in plain English.

Hemoglobin is the protein that binds and transports oxygen in red blood cells. Hemoglobin level is the primary measure of anemia.

Why it's measured

What Hb can reveal.

Hemoglobin has been the foundational marker for anemia evaluation in research and clinical practice.

Reference range

Where most laboratories draw the standard line.

Standard laboratory reference

Men: 13.5 – 17.5 / Women: 12.0 – 15.5 g/dL

Reference ranges vary by laboratory. Your individual reference range will appear on your test report and should be interpreted by your physician in the context of your overall health profile.

What results may indicate

Higher vs. lower Hb — at a high level.

Elevated

Has been associated with polycythemia and certain conditions in research literature.

Lower

Has been associated with anemia in published research.

These associations are general. They are not a personal diagnosis or prediction. Discuss your individual results with your physician in the context of your full health profile.

When it's measured

When Hb is typically run.

Part of standard CBC.

Related markers

Often measured alongside Hb.

Common questions

Questions people ask about Hemoglobin

What is Hemoglobin?

Hemoglobin is the protein that binds and transports oxygen in red blood cells. Hemoglobin level is the primary measure of anemia.

Why is Hemoglobin measured?

It's one of the markers used to build a fuller picture of your health. On its own it tells you very little, so it's most informative when reviewed alongside related markers.

How is Hemoglobin tested?

It's measured from a standard blood draw at Quest or LabCorp. Hemoglobin is one of the markers included in the OPTML Apex Panel, where your results are read across systems and reviewed by a U.S.-licensed physician.

What should I do with my Hemoglobin result?

Reference ranges vary by laboratory, and a single value rarely tells the whole story. Review your result with a physician in the context of your other markers, symptoms, and history.

Not sure which panel is right for you?

Hemoglobin is one signal among many. Answer a few quick questions and we’ll point you to the panel that fits.

Measured in

Hb is one of 160 biomarkers in the Apex Panel.

A complete look at your heart, hormones, metabolism, inflammation, and longevity systems — drawn at Quest or LabCorp, reviewed by a U.S.-licensed physician.

Explore the Apex Panel
160 biomarkers13 body systemsPhysician-reviewed
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This information is for general educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Lab results alone are not intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition and do not replace the advice of a healthcare provider. OPTML does not offer medical advice, a diagnosis, medical treatment, or any form of medical opinion.