Hormones system

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG)

SHBG

The protein that binds testosterone and estrogen — controls how much is biologically active.

What is it

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) — in plain English.

SHBG is a protein produced by the liver that binds sex hormones (primarily testosterone and estradiol) in circulation. When SHBG is high, less hormone is biologically free; when SHBG is low, more hormone is free.

Why it's measured

What SHBG can reveal.

SHBG is essential context for interpreting testosterone and estradiol values. Insulin resistance, thyroid status, and liver function all influence SHBG levels in research literature.

Reference range

Where most laboratories draw the standard line.

Standard laboratory reference

Men: 10 – 57 / Women: 18 – 144 nmol/L

Reference ranges vary by laboratory. Your individual reference range will appear on your test report and should be interpreted by your physician in the context of your overall health profile.

What results may indicate

Higher vs. lower SHBG — at a high level.

Elevated

Often seen with hyperthyroidism, certain medications, or aging in research literature. Reduces free hormone levels.

Lower

Has been associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and obesity in published research.

These associations are general. They are not a personal diagnosis or prediction. Discuss your individual results with your physician in the context of your full health profile.

When it's measured

When SHBG is typically run.

Measured alongside total testosterone for free testosterone calculation and metabolic context.

Related markers

Often measured alongside SHBG.

Common questions

Questions people ask about Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG)

What is Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG)?

SHBG is a protein produced by the liver that binds sex hormones (primarily testosterone and estradiol) in circulation. When SHBG is high, less hormone is biologically free; when SHBG is low, more hormone is free.

Why is Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) measured?

It's one of the markers used to build a fuller picture of your health. On its own it tells you very little, so it's most informative when reviewed alongside related markers.

How is Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) tested?

It's measured from a standard blood draw at Quest or LabCorp. Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) is one of the markers included in the OPTML Apex Panel, where your results are read across systems and reviewed by a U.S.-licensed physician.

What should I do with my Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) result?

Reference ranges vary by laboratory, and a single value rarely tells the whole story. Review your result with a physician in the context of your other markers, symptoms, and history.

Not sure which panel is right for you?

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) is one signal among many. Answer a few quick questions and we’ll point you to the panel that fits.

Measured in

SHBG is one of 160 biomarkers in the Apex Panel.

A complete look at your heart, hormones, metabolism, inflammation, and longevity systems — drawn at Quest or LabCorp, reviewed by a U.S.-licensed physician.

Explore the Apex Panel
160 biomarkers13 body systemsPhysician-reviewed
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This information is for general educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Lab results alone are not intended to diagnose, treat, or cure any condition and do not replace the advice of a healthcare provider. OPTML does not offer medical advice, a diagnosis, medical treatment, or any form of medical opinion.